How Do you Collect Shards?

So, I’m new to Heroes of Storm and I found a really sick skin I wanted to get. I bought gems, not realizing you needed shards, and got a major let-down for my money. I then did the loot chests, since that was the only way I was willing to spear the gems, and I got shards. I also saw that the duplicates were 5 shards, but it didn’t give me the shards. But I’m still confused on how to get shards, besides loot chests. And can you exchange items for shards?

Play the game over and over and over and over to get Shards.
Or pay money to get ‘Gem-only’ skins.
And don’t ever type or angry team-mates will report you and if it happens enough you’ll get banned.

It’s why people are quitting and the game has died; you’d have had a better time 3 years ago.

You seem to get 1/4 shard, of what the items costs to make. As Calculated said. You get shards when you get a duplicate item. You can also just get shards in a chest. Your gems might have been better spend on a booster, as you can level faster with a booster. Each hero level gives a chest. Every 10 level on a hero, i think gives 2 chests. Play heroes that are in rotation each week, to level them. If you want chest fast, just play them for 1 level. If you also want some gold, level them up to level 5. And do brawl each week, that will also give you a chest

Shards are obtainable from chests.
You can either get random amount as reward (but dont count on huge amount)
or from duplicates.
The more items you have the more often you get duplicats so at beginning getting shards is more painfull.
Gems can be used to get chests but I recommand you to get heroes from free rotations to level 5 (and 10 if you like somebody aloooot) that way you will get 5 chests and 500Gold for each leveled hero.
Before you get 90% of heroes to level 5 it is far more economical to buy boosters and level heroes faster effectively getting chests faster.
Spending gems on chests starts to be good choice when you have so much heroes at higher level that leveling gets very slow.