Ranking systems "rank points"

I have read around trying to figure out what determine how much “rank points” you get/lose from a win/loss.

Me and a friend play about 99% together. When I win I get around 190 points and when I lose I lose a little over 200. When he wins/lose he only get/lose around 25 points on the same games.

If you only get around 25 points per win you will need to win 40 games for 1 Tier (without losses counted) at the same time the one getting 200 points would be getting 8 ranks in the same time. Thats 1.5 entire Divisions for player one when player two have just got up one Tier.

I just want to understand this because its pretty frustrating when one player climb up a lot and you play together and the other person is just standing still and nothing is happening to the rank.